请 + verb — polite requestsHSK 1
How do you say please in Chinese?
请 before a verb makes a request more polite, like "please" in English: 请说 = please speak/go ahead.
没关系 — replying to an apologyHSK 1
What do you say when someone apologises in Chinese?
没关系 means "it doesn't matter" or "it's okay," the common reply when someone apologizes.
一起 + verb — doing something togetherHSK 1
一起 goes before a verb to show two or more people do the action together.
多 + verbHSK 1
How do you tell someone to do more of something in Chinese?
多 before a verb means 'do more of it'.
不客气 — replying to thanksHSK 1
What do you say when someone thanks you in Chinese?
When someone thanks you, the standard reply is 不客气, meaning "you're welcome" or "no need to be polite."
没事（回应关心：answering "你怎么了"）HSK 2
没事 answers a worried question like 你怎么了, telling someone nothing serious is wrong.
别 + verb — don't do itHSK 2
别 makes a soft negative command, gentler than 不要. It appears all over spoken Chinese.
对 + someone + 说 — to say to someoneHSK 2
对 introduces the person being spoken to before 说.
吧（softening a suggestion）HSK 2
吧 at the end of a sentence turns a statement into a suggestion, softer than a command.
别…了 — stop doing thatHSK 2
别 + verb + 了 asks somebody to STOP something they are already doing: 别玩手机了, 别说了. Without 了 it is a plain 'don't do it'.
How to use this page
These 11 patterns all do the same job in Chinese, so they are worth seeing side by side — the differences between them are easier to feel when they are next to each other than when they are spread across six HSK levels. They range from HSK 1–6.
Grammar sticks through reading, not through lists. Each entry links to the reading it was taken from. Skim the page, then go read one of them and come back when a sentence stops making sense.