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Chinese Grammar by Topic 按类型

The same 127 core grammar patterns as the HSK pages, but grouped by what you are trying to say rather than by which exam level introduces them. If you want to know how Chinese handles if, or but, or asking a question, start here.

Every pattern is explained in English and linked to the reading it came from, so you can see it working in a real sentence before you try to use it. Browsing by level instead? Grammar by HSK level.

Chinese states cause and result with paired connectors, and unlike English it usually keeps both halves of the pair.

8 patterns · open

Where English drops one half ("although it hurt, I went"), Chinese normally keeps both: 虽然 … 但是 ….

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Conditions in Chinese come as pairs too: the condition word opens the first clause, and 就 or 才 or 都 answers it in the second.

11 patterns · open

Adding a second thing usually needs a marker before the verb — 也, 又, 都 — not just a comma.

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Chinese puts time in order of what happened first, and marks the sequence explicitly with 先, 然后, 一…就.

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Chinese has no verb tenses. These particles mark whether an action is finished, still going, or has been experienced.

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A complement rides behind the verb to say how the action turned out — how well, how much, whether it worked at all.

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把 moves the object in front of the verb to stress what happens to it; 被 flips it round to say who it happened to.

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Chinese adjectives work as verbs — you don't need 是. But a bare adjective sounds like a comparison, so a degree word comes along.

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比 does the work that -er and more do in English, and the adjective never changes form.

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Chinese doesn't reorder the sentence to ask something. You add 吗, repeat the verb, or drop in a question word where the answer would go.

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会, 能 and 可以 all become "can" in English but mean different things — learned skill, physical ability, permission.

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在 marks location and comes before the verb, not after it — the opposite of English word order.

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Chinese softens requests with particles and set phrases rather than with conditional verb forms.

11 patterns · open